Global wine exports fell 4.7% in volume to 94.8 million hectolitres in 2025, marking the lowest level since 2009. The value of exports dropped 6.7% to 33.8 billion euros, according to the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV) [1].

Wine consumption around the world also declined sharply. Total global consumption fell 2.7% to 208 million hectolitres, its lowest since 1957 [1, 2]. The United States saw a 4.3% drop in wine consumption, driven by reduced purchasing power, a decline in younger drinkers, and more alcohol options [2]. France’s consumption fell by 3.2%, while China experienced a steep 13% decline in 2025 and a cumulative 61% drop since 2020 [2].

John Barker, OIV director general, said the sector is “reacting to real-time impacts of US tariff policies, but also adapting to some longer-term changes in terms of climate and consumption” [1]. While tariffs imposed by the Trump administration contributed to falling wine trade, some analysts note it is difficult to isolate tariff effects from broader economic and generational shifts [1, 2]. Barker also pointed to inflation and disrupted supply logistics linked to the Middle East conflict as potential factors influencing the market [2].

Global wine production in 2025 was 227 million hectolitres, a slight increase from 2024’s low but still below earlier forecasts [1]. In countries such as France, producers have uprooted vines in response to declining domestic demand [1].

Industry pressures since 2020 have included the Covid-19 pandemic, geopolitical tensions, trade disruptions, inflation, and climate impacts, all contributing to the slump [1, 2]. Changing lifestyles and shifting consumer preferences point to potentially sustained lower demand for wine [2].

Barker noted, “Overall you know wine is a discretionary product and people’s purchasing power has been impacted,” reflecting the broader economic challenges faced by consumers [2].

The OIV expects that ongoing geopolitical events could affect wine trade through logistical constraints and changes in consumer sentiment, though precise impacts remain unclear [1, 2].